Super-Resolving Quantum Imaging and Detection

Imaging and remote sensing protocols in the classical domain are fundamentally limited by the diffraction limit and detection noise. To move beyond these boundaries photonic quantum technologies provide new paradigms for achieving unprecedented sensing performance. The SURQUID project will achieve both super-resolution below the Rayleigh diffraction limit and super-sensitivity below the shot noise limit for light detection and ranging (lidar) applications. Using quantum homodyne detection (QHD) combined with non-classical illumination using entangled coherent states (ECS) we will realize a quantum lidar system for multi-scale quantum imaging with unparalleled accuracy and precision. We will implement a long-term stable QHD system by integrating multiple superconducting single photon detectors (SNSPDs) in nanophotonic circuits. Operation in the telecommunication spectral window, where atmospheric transparency is high, will enable remote quantum imaging on a logarithmic length scale from 100 mm to 100 km distances. Waveguide-integrated SNSPDs excel in performance in the telecom wavelength range and provide a scalable route towards multi-wavelength and multi-detector architectures. We will implement a two-color quantum lidar system where time-of-flight (TOF) detection with ultralow timing jitter below 10 ps on one wavelength will give information about target distance with 2 mm accuracy, while QHD combined with ECS illumination on a second wavelength will provide quantum-enhanced local spatial resolution. Through beam scanning and synchronized QHD we will realize super-resolved surface profiling. Our consortium is uniquely placed to tackle these challenges by joining leading experts in ultrafast single photon detection, nanophotonic circuit design and quantum light generation. The SURQUID project will realize a ready-to-use quantum lidar system for applications in super-resolved object identification, remote sensing and quantum enhanced imaging.